Vehicle-to-everything (V2X) inter-user equipment (UE) coordination

ABSTRACT

A method of wireless communication performed by a sensing user equipment (UE) includes identifying available resources during a sensing window. The method also includes receiving a request to share the available resources with a transmitter UE. The method further includes determining the sensing UE satisfies a sharing condition. The method still further includes sharing the available resources with the transmitter UE based on satisfying the sharing condition.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

The present application claims priority to U.S. Provisional PatentApplication No. 62/976,214, filed on Feb. 13, 2020, and entitled “NEWRADIO (NR) VEHICLE-TO-EVERYTHING (V2X) INTER-USER EQUIPMENT (UE)COORDINATION,” the disclosure of which is expressly incorporated byreference in its entirety.

FIELD OF THE DISCLOSURE

Aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wirelesscommunication, and more particularly, to techniques and apparatuses forvehicle-to-everything (V2X) inter-user equipment (UE) coordination.

BACKGROUND

Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide varioustelecommunications services such as telephony, video, data, messaging,and broadcasts. Typical wireless communication systems may employmultiple-access technologies capable of supporting communication withmultiple users by sharing available system resources. Examples of suchmultiple-access technologies include code division multiple access(CDMA) systems, time division multiple access (TDMA) systems, frequencydivision multiple access (FDMA) systems, orthogonal frequency divisionmultiple access (OFDMA) systems, single-carrier frequency divisionmultiple access (SC-FDMA) systems, and time division synchronous codedivision multiple access (TD-SCDMA) systems.

These multiple access technologies have been adopted in varioustelecommunications standards to provide a common protocol that enablesdifferent wireless devices to communicate on a municipal, national,regional, and even global level. An example telecommunications standardis fifth generation (5G) new radio (NR). 5G NR is part of a continuousmobile broadband evolution promulgated by Third Generation PartnershipProject (3GPP) to meet new requirements associated with latency,reliability, security, scalability (e.g., with Internet of Things(IoT)), and other requirements. 5G NR includes services associated withenhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), massive machine type communication(mMTC), and ultra reliable low latency communication (URLLC). Someaspects of 5G NR may be based on the fourth generation (4G) long termevolution (LTE) standard. There exists a need for further improvementsin 5G NR technology. These improvements may also be applicable to othermulti-access technologies and the telecommunications standards thatemploy these technologies.

Wireless communication systems may include, or provide support for,various types of communication systems, such as vehicle relatedcommunication systems (e.g., vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communicationsystems). Vehicle related communication systems may be used by vehiclesto increase safety and prevent vehicle collisions. Information aboutinclement weather, nearby accidents, road conditions, and/or otherinformation may be conveyed to a driver via the vehicle relatedcommunication system. In some cases, vehicles may communicate directlywith each other using device-to-device (D2D) communication over a D2Dwireless link.

As the demands for vehicle related communication increase, different V2Xcommunication systems compete for the same wireless communicationresources. Accordingly, there is a need to improve the sharing ofwireless communication resources.

SUMMARY

In one aspect of the present disclosure, a method for wirelesscommunication performed by a sensing user equipment (UE) includesidentifying available resources during a sensing window. The methodfurther includes receiving a request to share the available resourceswith a transmitter UE. The method still further includes determining thesensing UE satisfies a sharing condition. The method also includessharing the available resources with the transmitter UE based onsatisfying the sharing condition.

Another aspect of the present disclosure is directed to an apparatus forwireless communication at a sensing UE. The apparatus includes means foridentifying available resources during a sensing window. The apparatusfurther includes means for receiving a request to share the availableresources with a transmitter UE. The apparatus still further includesmeans for determining the sensing UE satisfies a sharing condition. Theapparatus also includes means for sharing the available resources withthe transmitter UE based on satisfying the sharing condition.

In another aspect of the present disclosure, a non-transitorycomputer-readable medium with non-transitory program code recordedthereon for wireless communication at a sensing UE is disclosed. Theprogram code is executed by a processor and includes program code toidentify available resources during a sensing window. The program codefurther includes program code to receive a request to share theavailable resources with a transmitter UE. The program code stillfurther includes program code to determine the sensing UE satisfies asharing condition. The program code also includes program code to sharethe available resources with the transmitter UE based on satisfying thesharing condition.

Another aspect of the present disclosure is directed to an apparatus forwireless communications at a sensing UE, comprising a processor, amemory coupled with the processor, and instructions stored in the memoryand operable, when executed by the processor, to cause the apparatus toidentify available resources during a sensing window. The instructionsfurther cause the apparatus to receive a request to share the availableresources with a transmitter UE. The instructions still further causethe apparatus to determine the sensing UE satisfies a sharing condition.The instructions also cause the apparatus to share the availableresources with the transmitter UE based on satisfying the sharingcondition.

Aspects generally include a method, apparatus, system, computer programproduct, non-transitory computer-readable medium, user equipment, basestation, wireless communication device, and processing system assubstantially described with reference to and as illustrated by theaccompanying drawings and specification.

The foregoing has outlined rather broadly the features and technicaladvantages of examples according to the disclosure in order that thedetailed description that follows may be better understood. Additionalfeatures and advantages will be described. The conception and specificexamples disclosed may be readily utilized as a basis for modifying ordesigning other structures for carrying out the same purposes of thepresent disclosure. Such equivalent constructions do not depart from thescope of the appended claims. Characteristics of the concepts disclosed,both their organization and method of operation, together withassociated advantages will be better understood from the followingdescription when considered in connection with the accompanying figures.Each of the figures is provided for the purposes of illustration anddescription, and not as a definition of the limits of the claims.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

So that the above-recited features of the present disclosure can beunderstood in detail, a more particular description, briefly summarizedabove, may be had by reference to aspects, some of which are illustratedin the appended drawings. It is to be noted, however, that the appendeddrawings illustrate only certain typical aspects of this disclosure andare therefore not to be considered limiting of its scope, for thedescription may admit to other equally effective aspects. The samereference numbers in different drawings may identify the same or similarelements.

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless communicationsystem and an access network.

FIGS. 2A, 2B, 2C, and 2D are diagrams illustrating examples of a firstfifth generation (5G) new radio (NR) frame, downlink (DL) channelswithin a 5G NR subframe, a second 5G NR frame, and uplink (UL) channelswithin a 5G NR subframe, respectively.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of a base station and userequipment (UE) in an access network.

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of a vehicle-to-everything(V2X) system, in accordance with various aspects of the presentdisclosure.

FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of a radio frequencyspectrum, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of a vehicle-to-everything(V2X) system, in accordance with various aspects of the presentdisclosure.

FIG. 7 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a hardwareimplementation for an apparatus employing a processing system.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart illustrating a method of wireless communication,performed for example, by a sensing user equipment (UE), in accordancewith various aspects of the present disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Various aspects of the disclosure are described more fully below withreference to the accompanying drawings. This disclosure may, however, beembodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limitedto any specific structure or function presented throughout thisdisclosure. Rather, these aspects are provided so that this disclosurewill be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of thedisclosure to those skilled in the art. Based on the teachings, oneskilled in the art should appreciate that the scope of the disclosure isintended to cover any aspect of the disclosure disclosed herein, whetherimplemented independently of or combined with any other aspect of thedisclosure. For example, an apparatus may be implemented or a method maybe practiced using any number of the aspects set forth. In addition, thescope of the disclosure is intended to cover such an apparatus ormethod, which is practiced using other structure, functionality, orstructure and functionality in addition to or other than the variousaspects of the disclosure set forth. It should be understood that anyaspect of the disclosure disclosed may be embodied by one or moreelements of a claim.

Several aspects of telecommunications systems will now be presented withreference to various apparatuses and techniques. These apparatuses andtechniques will be described in the following detailed description andillustrated in the accompanying drawings by various blocks, modules,components, circuits, steps, processes, algorithms, and/or the like(collectively referred to as “elements”). These elements may beimplemented using hardware, software, or combinations thereof. Whethersuch elements are implemented as hardware or software depends upon theparticular application and design constraints imposed on the overallsystem.

It should be noted that while aspects may be described using terminologycommonly associated with 5G and later wireless technologies, aspects ofthe present disclosure can be applied in other generation-basedcommunication systems, such as and including 3G and/or 4G technologies.

In cellular communication networks, wireless devices may generallycommunicate with each other via one or more network entities, such as abase station or scheduling entity. Some networks may supportdevice-to-device (D2D) communication to enable discovery of, andcommunication with, nearby devices using a direct link between devices(e.g., without passing through a base station, relay, or another node).D2D communication may enable mesh networks and device-to-network relayfunctionality. Some examples of D2D technology include Bluetoothpairing, Wi-Fi Direct, Miracast, and LTE-D. D2D communication may alsobe referred to as point-to-point (P2P) or sidelink communication.

D2D communication may be implemented using licensed or unlicensed bands.Additionally, D2D communication may avoid the overhead associated withrouting transmissions to and from the base station. Therefore, D2Dcommunication may improve throughput, reduce latency, and/or increaseenergy efficiency.

Vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication is an example of a type of D2Dcommunication. For example, V2X communication may provide non-line ofsight communication capabilities to autonomous vehicles. In one example,when two vehicles approach an intersection, various bits of informationgathered by the sensors of the two vehicles may be shared via V2Xcommunication. The information may be shared even when the two vehiclesdo not have a direct line of sight path to each other. Also, a vehiclewith V2X communication capabilities may share information gathered bythe vehicle's sensors with other vehicles or devices within acommunication coverage area. The sensors may include, for example, lightdetection and ranging (LiDAR), radar, cameras, etc. In most cases, thevehicle's sensors are line of sight sensors.

To improve sidelink transmission reliability, UEs may inter-coordinateto share resource information. As an example, a first UE may perform asensing operation to identify communication resources. The communicationresources identified by the first UE may be referred to as sensinginformation. In this example, the first UE may transmit the sensinginformation (e.g., identified communication resources) to a second UE.The second UE may consider the sensing information when selectingresources for a sidelink transmission. Additionally, in this example,the second UE may also perform measurements to identify communicationresources. As such, the second UE may pool the sensing information withits own identified communication resources. Aspects of the presentdisclosure are directed to improving inter-UE coordination. In thecurrent disclosure, the first UE may also be referred to as a sensing UEor a partner UE, and the second UE may be referred to as transmitter UE.

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless communicationsystem and an access network 100. The wireless communication system(also referred to as a wireless wide area network (WWAN)) includes basestations 102, UEs 104, an evolved packet core (EPC) 160, and anothercore network 190 (e.g., a 5G core (5GC)). The base stations 102 mayinclude macrocells (high power cellular base station) and/or small cells102′ (low power cellular base station). The macrocells include basestations. The small cells 102′ include femtocells, picocells, andmicrocells.

The base stations 102 configured for 4G LTE (collectively referred to asevolved universal mobile telecommunications system (UMTS) terrestrialradio access network (E-UTRAN)) may interface with the EPC 160 throughbackhaul links 132 (e.g., Si interface). The base stations 102configured for 5G NR (collectively referred to as next generation RAN(NG-RAN)) may interface with core network 190 through backhaul links184. In addition to other functions, the base stations 102 may performone or more of the following functions: transfer of user data, radiochannel ciphering and deciphering, integrity protection, headercompression, mobility control functions (e.g., handover, dualconnectivity), inter-cell interference coordination, connection setupand release, load balancing, distribution for non-access stratum (NAS)messages, NAS node selection, synchronization, radio access network(RAN) sharing, multimedia broadcast multicast service (MBMS), subscriberand equipment trace, RAN information management (RIM), paging,positioning, and delivery of warning messages. The base stations 102 maycommunicate directly or indirectly (e.g., through the EPC 160 or corenetwork 190) with each other over backhaul links 134 (e.g., X2interface). The backhaul links 134 may be wired or wireless.

The base stations 102 may wirelessly communicate with the UEs 104. Eachof the base stations 102 may provide communication coverage for arespective geographic coverage area 110. There may be overlappinggeographic coverage areas 110. For example, the small cell 102′ may havea coverage area 110′ that overlaps the coverage area 110 of one or moremacro base stations 102. A network that includes both small cell andmacrocells may be known as a heterogeneous network. A heterogeneousnetwork may also include home evolved Node Bs (eNBs) (HeNBs), which mayprovide service to a restricted group known as a closed subscriber group(CSG). The communication links 120 between the base stations 102 and theUEs 104 may include uplink (UL) (also referred to as reverse link)transmissions from a UE 104 to a base station 102 and/or downlink (DL)(also referred to as forward link) transmissions from a base station 102to a UE 104. The communication links 120 may use multiple-input andmultiple-output (MIMO) antenna technology, including spatialmultiplexing, beamforming, and/or transmit diversity. The communicationlinks may be through one or more carriers. The base stations 102/UEs 104may use spectrum up to Y MHz (e.g., 5, 10, 15, 20, 100, 400, etc., MHz)bandwidth per carrier allocated in a carrier aggregation of up to atotal of Yx MHz (x component carriers) used for transmission in eachdirection. The carriers may or may not be adjacent to each other.Allocation of carriers may be asymmetric with respect to DL and UL(e.g., more or fewer carriers may be allocated for DL than for UL). Thecomponent carriers may include a primary component carrier and one ormore secondary component carriers. A primary component carrier may bereferred to as a primary cell (PCell) and a secondary component carriermay be referred to as a secondary cell (SCell).

Certain UEs 104 may communicate with each other using device-to-device(D2D) communication link 158. The D2D communication link 158 may use theDL/UL WWAN spectrum. The D2D communication link 158 may use one or moresidelink channels, such as a physical sidelink broadcast channel(PSBCH), a physical sidelink discovery channel (PSDCH), a physicalsidelink shared channel (PSSCH), and a physical sidelink control channel(PSCCH). D2D communication may be through a variety of wireless D2Dcommunication systems, such as for example, FlashLinQ, WiMedia,Bluetooth, ZigBee, Wi-Fi based on the IEEE 802.11 standard, LTE, or NR.

The wireless communication system may further include a Wi-Fi accesspoint (AP) 150 in communication with Wi-Fi stations (STAs) 152 viacommunication links 154 in a 5 GHz unlicensed frequency spectrum. Whencommunicating in an unlicensed frequency spectrum, the STAs 152/AP 150may perform a clear channel assessment (CCA) prior to communicating inorder to determine whether the channel is available.

The small cell 102′ may operate in a licensed and/or an unlicensedfrequency spectrum. When operating in an unlicensed frequency spectrum,the small cell 102′ may employ NR and use the same 5 GHz unlicensedfrequency spectrum as used by the Wi-Fi AP 150. The small cell 102′,employing NR in an unlicensed frequency spectrum, may boost coverage toand/or increase capacity of the access network.

A base station 102, whether a small cell 102′ or a large cell (e.g.,macro base station), may include an eNB, gNodeB (gNB), or another typeof base station. Some base stations, such as gNB 180 may operate in atraditional sub 6 GHz spectrum, in millimeter wave (mmW) frequencies,and/or near mmW frequencies in communication with the UE 104. When thegNB 180 operates in mmW or near mmW frequencies, the gNB 180 may bereferred to as an mmW base station. Extremely high frequency (EHF) ispart of the radio frequency (RF) in the electromagnetic spectrum. EHFhas a range of 30 GHz to 300 GHz and a wavelength between 1 millimeterand 10 millimeters. Radio waves in the band may be referred to as amillimeter wave. Near mmW may extend down to a frequency of 3 GHz with awavelength of 100 millimeters. The super high frequency (SHF) bandextends between 3 GHz and 30 GHz, also referred to as centimeter wave.Communication using the mmW/near mmW radio frequency band (e.g., 3GHz-300 GHz) has extremely high path loss and a short range. The mmWbase station 180 may utilize beamforming 182 with the UE 104 tocompensate for the extremely high path loss and short range.

The base station 180 may transmit a beamformed signal to the UE 104 inone or more transmit directions 182′. The UE 104 may receive thebeamformed signal from the base station 180 in one or more receivedirections 182″. The UE 104 may also transmit a beamformed signal to thebase station 180 in one or more transmit directions. The base station180 may receive the beamformed signal from the UE 104 in one or morereceive directions. The base station 180/UE 104 may perform beamtraining to determine the best receive and transmit directions for eachof the base station 180/UE 104. The transmit and receive directions forthe base station 180 may or may not be the same. The transmit andreceive directions for the UE 104 may or may not be the same.

The EPC 160 may include a mobility management entity (MME) 162, otherMMES 164, a serving gateway 166, a multimedia broadcast multicastservice (MBMS) gateway 168, a broadcast multicast service center (BM-SC)170, and a packet data network (PDN) gateway 172. The MME 162 may be incommunication with a home subscriber server (HSS) 174. The MME 162 isthe control node that processes the signaling between the UEs 104 andthe EPC 160. Generally, the MME 162 provides bearer and connectionmanagement. All user Internet protocol (IP) packets are transferredthrough the serving gateway 166, which itself is connected to the PDNgateway 172. The PDN gateway 172 provides UE IP address allocation aswell as other functions. The PDN gateway 172 and the BM-SC 170 areconnected to the IP services 176. The IP services 176 may include theInternet, an intranet, an IP multimedia subsystem (IMS), a PS streamingservice, and/or other IP services. The BM-SC 170 may provide functionsfor MBMS user service provisioning and delivery. The BM-SC 170 may serveas an entry point for content provider MBMS transmission, may be used toauthorize and initiate MBMS bearer services within a public land mobilenetwork (PLMN), and may be used to schedule MBMS transmissions. The MBMSgateway 168 may be used to distribute MBMS traffic to the base stations102 belonging to a multicast broadcast single frequency network (MBSFN)area broadcasting a particular service, and may be responsible forsession management (start/stop) and for collecting eMBMS relatedcharging information.

The core network 190 may include an access and mobility managementfunction (AMF) 192, other AMFs 193, a session management function (SMF)194, and a user plane function (UPF) 195. The AMF 192 may be incommunication with a unified data management (UDM) 196. The AMF 192 isthe control node that processes the signaling between the UEs 104 andthe core network 190. Generally, the AMF 192 provides quality of service(QoS) flow and session management. All user Internet protocol (IP)packets are transferred through the UPF 195. The UPF 195 provides UE IPaddress allocation as well as other functions. The UPF 195 is connectedto the IP services 197. The IP services 197 may include the Internet, anintranet, an IP multimedia subsystem (IMS), a PS streaming service,and/or other IP services.

The base station 102 may also be referred to as a gNB, Node B, evolvedNode B (eNB), an access point, a base transceiver station, a radio basestation, a radio transceiver, a transceiver function, a basic serviceset (BSS), an extended service set (ESS), a transmit reception point(TRP), or some other suitable terminology. The base station 102 providesan access point to the EPC 160 or core network 190 for a UE 104.Examples of UEs 104 include a cellular phone, a smart phone, a sessioninitiation protocol (SIP) phone, a laptop, a personal digital assistant(PDA), a satellite radio, a global positioning system, a multimediadevice, a video device, a digital audio player (e.g., MP3 player), acamera, a game console, a tablet, a smart device, a wearable device, avehicle, an electric meter, a gas pump, a large or small kitchenappliance, a healthcare device, an implant, a sensor/actuator, adisplay, or any other similar functioning device. Some of the UEs 104may be referred to as IoT devices (e.g., a parking meter, gas pump,toaster, vehicles, heart monitor, etc.). The UE 104 may also be referredto as a station, a mobile station, a subscriber station, a mobile unit,a subscriber unit, a wireless unit, a remote unit, a mobile device, awireless device, a wireless communication device, a remote device, amobile subscriber station, an access terminal, a mobile terminal, awireless terminal, a remote terminal, a handset, a user agent, a mobileclient, a client, or some other suitable terminology.

Referring again to FIG. 1 , in certain aspects, a receiving device, suchas the UE 104, may receive sensing information from one or more otherUEs 104. The UE 104 that received the sensing information may alsoobtain sensing information from its own measurements. The UE 104 mayinclude a combining component 198 configured to determine whether tocombine the received sensing information with sensing informationobtained from its own measurements. Additionally, or alternatively, theUE 104 may include a sensing information component 199 configured toidentify available resources during a sensing window. The sensinginformation component 199 may also be configured to receiving a requestto share resource information with another UE 104. The sensinginformation component 199 may further be configured to determiningwhether the UE 104 is configured to share the resource information. Thatis, the sensing information component 199 may be configured to determinewhether the UE 104 satisfies a sharing condition. The sensinginformation component 199 may further be configured to share theavailable resources with the other UE 104 when the UE 104 satisfies thesharing condition.

Although the following description may be focused on 5G NR, the hereinmay be applicable to other similar areas, such as LTE, LTE-A, CDMA, GSM,and other wireless technologies.

FIG. 2A is a diagram 200 illustrating an example of a first subframewithin a 5G NR frame structure. FIG. 2B is a diagram 230 illustrating anexample of DL channels within a 5G NR subframe. FIG. 2C is a diagram 250illustrating an example of a second subframe within a 5G NR framestructure. FIG. 2D is a diagram 280 illustrating an example of ULchannels within a 5G NR subframe. The 5G NR frame structure may befrequency division duplex (FDD) in which for a particular set ofsubcarriers (carrier system bandwidth), subframes within the set ofsubcarriers are dedicated for either DL or UL, or may be time divisionduplex (TDD) in which for a particular set of subcarriers (carriersystem bandwidth), subframes within the set of subcarriers are dedicatedfor both DL and UL. In the examples provided by FIGS. 2A, 2C, the 5G NRframe structure is assumed to be TDD, with subframe 4 being configuredwith slot format 28 (with mostly DL), where D is DL, U is UL, and X isflexible for use between DL/UL, and subframe 3 being configured withslot format 34 (with mostly UL). While subframes 3, 4 are shown withslot formats 34, 28, respectively, any particular subframe may beconfigured with any of the various available slot formats 0-61. Slotformats 0, 1 are all DL, UL, respectively. Other slot formats 2-61include a mix of DL, UL, and flexible symbols. UEs are configured withthe slot format (dynamically through DL control information (DCI), orsemi-statically/statically through radio resource control (RRC)signaling) through a received slot format indicator (SFI). Note that thedescription infra applies also to a 5G NR frame structure that is TDD.

Other wireless communication technologies may have a different framestructure and/or different channels. A frame (10 ms) may be divided into10 equally sized subframes (1 ms). Each subframe may include one or moretime slots. Subframes may also include mini-slots, which may include 7,4, or 2 symbols. Each slot may include 7 or 14 symbols, depending on theslot configuration. For slot configuration 0, each slot may include 14symbols, and for slot configuration 1, each slot may include 7 symbols.The symbols on DL may be cyclic prefix (CP) OFDM (CP-OFDM) symbols. Thesymbols on UL may be CP-OFDM symbols (for high throughput scenarios) ordiscrete Fourier transform (DFT) spread OFDM (DFT-S-OFDM) symbols (alsoreferred to as single carrier frequency-division multiple access(SC-FDMA) symbols) (for power limited scenarios; limited to a singlestream transmission). The number of slots within a subframe is based onthe slot configuration and the numerology. For slot configuration 0,different numerologies μ 0 to 5 allow for 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, and 32 slots,respectively, per subframe. For slot configuration 1, differentnumerologies 0 to 2 allow for 2, 4, and 8 slots, respectively, persubframe. Accordingly, for slot configuration 0 and numerology μ, thereare 14 symbols/slot and 2μ slots/subframe. The subcarrier spacing andsymbol length/duration are a function of the numerology. The subcarrierspacing may be equal to 2{circumflex over ( )}μ*15 kHz, where μ is thenumerology 0 to 5. As such, the numerology μ=0 has a subcarrier spacingof 15 kHz and the numerology μ=5 has a subcarrier spacing of 480 kHz.The symbol length/duration is inversely related to the subcarrierspacing. FIGS. 2A-2D provide an example of slot configuration 0 with 14symbols per slot and numerology μ=0 with 1 slot per subframe. Thesubcarrier spacing is 15 kHz and symbol duration is approximately 66.7μs.

A resource grid may represent the frame structure. Each time slotincludes a resource block (RB) (also referred to as physical RBs (PRBs))that extends 12 consecutive subcarriers. The resource grid is dividedinto multiple resource elements (REs). The number of bits carried byeach RE depends on the modulation scheme.

As illustrated in FIG. 2A, some of the REs carry reference (pilot)signals (RS) for the UE. The RS may include demodulation RS (DM-RS)(indicated as Rx for one particular configuration, where 100× is theport number, but other DM-RS configurations are possible) and channelstate information reference signals (CSI-RS) for channel estimation atthe UE. The RS may also include beam measurement RS (BRS), beamrefinement RS (BRRS), and phase tracking RS (PT-RS).

FIG. 2B illustrates an example of various DL channels within a subframeof a frame. A physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) carries DCIwithin one or more control channel elements (CCEs), each CCE includingnine RE groups (REGs), each REG including four consecutive REs in anOFDM symbol. A primary synchronization signal (PSS) may be within symbol2 of particular subframes of a frame. The PSS is used by a UE 104 todetermine subframe/symbol timing and a physical layer identity. Asecondary synchronization signal (SSS) may be within symbol 4 ofparticular subframes of a frame. The SSS is used by a UE to determine aphysical layer cell identity group number and radio frame timing. Basedon the physical layer identity and the physical layer cell identitygroup number, the UE can determine a physical cell identifier (PCI).Based on the PCI, the UE can determine the locations of theaforementioned DM-RS. The physical broadcast channel (PBCH), whichcarries a master information block (MIB), may be logically grouped withthe PSS and SSS to form a synchronization signal (SS)/PBCH block. TheMIB provides a number of RBs in the system bandwidth and a system framenumber (SFN). The physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) carries userdata, broadcast system information not transmitted through the PBCH suchas system information blocks (SIBs), and paging messages.

As illustrated in FIG. 2C, some of the REs carry DM-RS (indicated as Rfor one particular configuration, but other DM-RS configurations arepossible) for channel estimation at the base station. The UE maytransmit DM-RS for the physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) and DM-RSfor the physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH). The PUSCH DM-RS may betransmitted in the first one or two symbols of the PUSCH. The PUCCHDM-RS may be transmitted in different configurations depending onwhether short or long PUCCHs are transmitted and depending on theparticular PUCCH format used. Although not shown, the UE may transmitsounding reference signals (SRS). The SRS may be used by a base stationfor channel quality estimation to enable frequency-dependent schedulingon the UL.

FIG. 2D illustrates an example of various UL channels within a subframeof a frame. The PUCCH may be located as indicated in one configuration.The PUCCH carries uplink control information (UCI), such as schedulingrequests, a channel quality indicator (CQI), a precoding matrixindicator (PMI), a rank indicator (RI), and hybrid automatic repeatrequest (HARD) acknowledgment/negative acknowledgment (ACK/NACK)feedback. The PUSCH carries data, and may additionally be used to carrya buffer status report (BSR), a power headroom report (PHR), and/or UCI.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a base station 310 in communication with aUE 350 in an access network. In the DL, IP packets from the EPC 160 maybe provided to a controller/processor 375. The controller/processor 375implements layer 3 and layer 2 functionality. Layer 3 includes a radioresource control (RRC) layer, and layer 2 includes a service dataadaptation protocol (SDAP) layer, a packet data convergence protocol(PDCP) layer, a radio link control (RLC) layer, and a medium accesscontrol (MAC) layer. The controller/processor 375 provides RRC layerfunctionality associated with broadcasting of system information (e.g.,MIB, RRC connection control (e.g., RRC connection paging, RRC connectionestablishment, RRC connection modification, and RRC connection release),inter radio access technology (RAT) mobility, and measurementconfiguration for UE measurement reporting; PDCP layer functionalityassociated with header compression/decompression, security (ciphering,deciphering, integrity protection, integrity verification), and handoversupport functions; RLC layer functionality associated with the transferof upper layer packet data units (PDUs), error correction through ARQ,concatenation, segmentation, and reassembly of RLC service data units(SDUs), re-segmentation of RLC data PDUs, and reordering of RLC dataPDUs; and MAC layer functionality associated with mapping betweenlogical channels and transport channels, multiplexing of MAC SDUs ontotransport blocks (TBs), demultiplexing of MAC SDUs from TBs, schedulinginformation reporting, error correction through HARQ, priority handling,and logical channel prioritization.

The transmit (TX) processor 316 and the receive (RX) processor 370implement layer 1 functionality associated with various signalprocessing functions. Layer 1, which includes a physical (PHY) layer,may include error detection on the transport channels, forward errorcorrection (FEC) coding/decoding of the transport channels,interleaving, rate matching, mapping onto physical channels,modulation/demodulation of physical channels, and MIMO antennaprocessing. The TX processor 316 handles mapping to signalconstellations based on various modulation schemes (e.g., binaryphase-shift keying (BPSK), quadrature phase-shift keying (QPSK),M-phase-shift keying (M-PSK), M-quadrature amplitude modulation(M-QAM)). The coded and modulated symbols may then be split intoparallel streams. Each stream may then be mapped to an OFDM subcarrier,multiplexed with a reference signal (e.g., pilot) in the time and/orfrequency domain, and then combined together using an inverse fastFourier transform (IFFT) to produce a physical channel carrying a timedomain OFDM symbol stream. The OFDM stream is spatially precoded toproduce multiple spatial streams. Channel estimates from a channelestimator 374 may be used to determine the coding and modulation scheme,as well as for spatial processing. The channel estimate may be derivedfrom a reference signal and/or channel condition feedback transmitted bythe UE 350. Each spatial stream may then be provided to a differentantenna 320 via a separate transmitter 318TX. Each transmitter 318TX maymodulate an RF carrier with a respective spatial stream fortransmission.

At the UE 350, each receiver 354RX receives a signal through itsrespective antenna 352. Each receiver 354RX recovers informationmodulated onto an RF carrier and provides the information to the receive(RX) processor 356. The TX processor 368 and the RX processor 356implement layer 1 functionality associated with various signalprocessing functions. The RX processor 356 may perform spatialprocessing on the information to recover any spatial streams destinedfor the UE 350. If multiple spatial streams are destined for the UE 350,they may be combined by the RX processor 356 into a single OFDM symbolstream. The RX processor 356 then converts the OFDM symbol stream fromthe time-domain to the frequency domain using a fast Fourier transform(FFT). The frequency domain signal comprises a separate OFDM symbolstream for each subcarrier of the OFDM signal. The symbols on eachsubcarrier, and the reference signal, are recovered and demodulated bydetermining the most likely signal constellation points transmitted bythe base station 310. These soft decisions may be based on channelestimates computed by the channel estimator 358. The soft decisions arethen decoded and deinterleaved to recover the data and control signalsthat were originally transmitted by the base station 310 on the physicalchannel. The data and control signals are then provided to thecontroller/processor 359, which implements layer 3 and layer 2functionality.

The controller/processor 359 can be associated with a memory 360 thatstores program codes and data. The memory 360 may be referred to as acomputer-readable medium. In the UL, the controller/processor 359provides demultiplexing between transport and logical channels, packetreassembly, deciphering, header decompression, and control signalprocessing to recover IP packets from the EPC 160. Thecontroller/processor 359 is also responsible for error detection usingan ACK and/or NACK protocol to support HARQ operations.

Similar to the functionality described in connection with the DLtransmission by the base station 310, the controller/processor 359provides RRC layer functionality associated with system information(e.g., MIB, SIBS) acquisition, RRC connections, and measurementreporting; PDCP layer functionality associated with headercompression/decompression, and security (ciphering, deciphering,integrity protection, integrity verification); RLC layer functionalityassociated with the transfer of upper layer PDUs, error correctionthrough ARQ, concatenation, segmentation, and reassembly of RLC SDUs,re-segmentation of RLC data PDUs, and reordering of RLC data PDUs; andMAC layer functionality associated with mapping between logical channelsand transport channels, multiplexing of MAC SDUs onto TBs,demultiplexing of MAC SDUs from TBs, scheduling information reporting,error correction through HARQ, priority handling, and logical channelprioritization.

Channel estimates derived by a channel estimator 358 from a referencesignal or feedback transmitted by the base station 310 may be used bythe TX processor 368 to select the appropriate coding and modulationschemes, and to facilitate spatial processing. The spatial streamsgenerated by the TX processor 368 may be provided to different antenna352 via separate transmitters 354TX. Each transmitter 354TX may modulatean RF carrier with a respective spatial stream for transmission.

The UL transmission is processed at the base station 310 in a mannersimilar to that described in connection with the receiver function atthe UE 350. Each receiver 318RX receives a signal through its respectiveantenna 320. Each receiver 318RX recovers information modulated onto anRF carrier and provides the information to an RX processor 370.

The controller/processor 375 can be associated with a memory 376 thatstores program codes and data. The memory 376 may be referred to as acomputer-readable medium. In the UL, the controller/processor 375provides demultiplexing between transport and logical channels, packetreassembly, deciphering, header decompression, control signal processingto recover IP packets from the UE 350. IP packets from thecontroller/processor 375 may be provided to the EPC 160. Thecontroller/processor 375 is also responsible for error detection usingan ACK and/or NACK protocol to support HARQ operations.

At least one of the TX processor 368, the RX processor 356, and thecontroller/processor 359 may be configured to perform aspects inconnection with the combining component 198 and/or the sensinginformation component 199 of FIG. 1 . Additionally, at least one of theTX processor 316, the RX processor 370, and the controller/processor 375may be configured to perform aspects in connection with the combiningcomponent 198 and/or the sensing information component 199 of FIG. 1 .

FIG. 4 is a diagram of a device-to-device (D2D) communication system400, including V2X communication, in accordance with various aspects ofthe present disclosure. For example, the D2D communication system 400may include V2X communication, (e.g., a first UE 450 communicating witha second UE 451). In some aspects, the first UE 450 and/or the second UE451 may be configured to communicate in a licensed radio frequencyspectrum and/or a shared radio frequency spectrum. The shared radiofrequency spectrum may be unlicensed, and therefore multiple differenttechnologies may use the shared radio frequency spectrum forcommunication, including new radio (NR), LTE, LTE-Advanced, licensedassisted access (LAA), dedicated short range communication (DSRC),MuLTEFire, 4G, and the like. The foregoing list of technologies is to beregarded as illustrative, and is not meant to be exhaustive.

The D2D communication system 400 may use NR radio access technology. Ofcourse, other radio access technologies, such as LTE radio accesstechnology, may be used. In D2D communication, such as V2X communicationor vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication, the UEs 450, 451 may be onnetworks of different mobile network operators (MNOs). Each of thenetworks may operate in its own radio frequency spectrum. For example,the air interface to a first UE 450 (e.g., Uu interface) may be on oneor more frequency bands different from the air interface of the secondUE 451. The first UE 450 and the second UE 451 may communicate via asidelink component carrier, for example, via the PC5 interface. In someexamples, the MNOs may schedule sidelink communication between or amongthe UEs 450, 451 in licensed radio frequency spectrum and/or a sharedradio frequency spectrum (e.g., 5 GHz radio spectrum bands).

The shared radio frequency spectrum may be unlicensed, and thereforedifferent technologies may use the shared radio frequency spectrum forcommunication. In some aspects, D2D communication (e.g., sidelinkcommunication) between or among UEs 450, 451 are not scheduled by MNOs.The D2D communication system 400 may further include a third UE 452.

The third UE 452 may operate on the first network 410 (e.g., of thefirst MNO) or another network, for example. The third UE 452 may be inD2D communication with the first UE 450 and/or second UE 451. The firstbase station 420 (e.g., gNB) may communicate with the third UE 452 via adownlink (DL) carrier 432 and/or an uplink (UL) carrier 442. The DLcommunication may use various DL resources (e.g., the DL subframes (FIG.2A) and/or the DL channels (FIG. 2B)). The UL communication may beperformed via the UL carrier 442 using various UL resources (e.g., theUL subframes (FIG. 2C) and the UL channels (FIG. 2D)).

The first network 410 operates in a first frequency spectrum andincludes the first base station 420 (e.g., gNB) communicating at leastwith the first UE 450, for example, as described in FIGS. 1-3 . Thefirst base station 420 (e.g., gNB) may communicate with the first UE 450via a DL carrier 430 and/or a UL carrier 440. The DL communication mayuse various DL resources (e.g., the DL subframes (FIG. 2A) and/or the DLchannels (FIG. 2B)). The UL communication may be performed via the ULcarrier 440 using various UL resources (e.g., the UL subframes (FIG. 2C)and the UL channels (FIG. 2D)).

In some aspects, the second UE 451 may be on a different network fromthe first UE 450. In some aspects, the second UE 451 may be on a secondnetwork 411 (e.g., of the second MNO). The second network 411 mayoperate in a second frequency spectrum (e.g., a second frequencyspectrum different from the first frequency spectrum) and may include asecond base station 421 (e.g., gNB) communicating with the second UE451, for example, as described in FIGS. 1-3 .

The second base station 421 may communicate with the second UE 451 via aDL carrier 431 and a UL carrier 441. The DL communication is performedvia the DL carrier 431 using various DL resources (e.g., the DLsubframes (FIG. 2A) and/or the DL channels (FIG. 2B)). The ULcommunication is performed via the UL carrier 441 using various ULresources (e.g., the UL subframes (FIG. 2C) and/or the UL channels (FIG.2D)).

In conventional systems, the first base station 420 and/or the secondbase station 421 assign resources to the UEs for device-to-device (D2D)communication, such as V2X communication or V2V communication. Forexample, the resources may be a pool of UL resources, both orthogonal(e.g., one or more FDM channels) and non-orthogonal (e.g., code divisionmultiplexing (CDM)/resource spread multiple access (RSMA) in eachchannel). The first base station 420 and/or the second base station 421may configure the resources via a PDCCH or an RRC.

In some systems, each UE 450, 451 autonomously selects resources for D2Dcommunication. For example, each UE 450, 451 may sense and analyzechannel occupation during the sensing window. The UEs 450, 451 may usethe sensing information to select resources from the sensing window. Asdiscussed, one UE 451 may assist another UE 450 in performing resourceselection. The UE 451 providing assistance may be referred to as thesensing UE or partner UE, which may potentially notify the transmitterUE 450. The transmitter UE 450 may transmit information to the receivingUE 451 via sidelink communication.

The D2D communication may be carried out via one or more sidelinkcarriers 470, 480. The one or more sidelink carriers 470, 480 mayinclude one or more channels, such as a physical sidelink broadcastchannel (PSBCH), a physical sidelink discovery channel (PSDCH), aphysical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH), and a physical sidelinkcontrol channel (PSCCH), for example.

In some examples, the sidelink carriers 470, 480 may operate using thePC5 interface. The first UE 450 may transmit to one or more (e.g.,multiple) devices, including to the second UE 451 via the first sidelinkcarrier 470. The second UE 451 may transmit to one or more (e.g.,multiple) devices, including to the first UE 450 via the second sidelinkcarrier 480.

In some aspects, the UL carrier 440 and the first sidelink carrier 470may be aggregated to increase bandwidth. In some aspects, the firstsidelink carrier 470 and/or the second sidelink carrier 480 may sharethe first frequency spectrum (with the first network 410) and/or sharethe second frequency spectrum (with the second network 411). In someaspects, the sidelink carriers 470, 480 may operate in anunlicensed/shared radio frequency spectrum.

In some aspects, sidelink communication on a sidelink carrier may occurbetween the first UE 450 and the second UE 451. In an aspect, the firstUE 450 may perform sidelink communication with one or more (e.g.,multiple) devices, including the second UE 451 via the first sidelinkcarrier 470. For example, the first UE 450 may transmit a broadcasttransmission via the first sidelink carrier 470 to multiple devices(e.g., the second and third UEs 451, 452). The second UE 451 (e.g.,among other UEs) may receive such broadcast transmission. Additionallyor alternatively, the first UE 450 may transmit a multicast transmissionvia the first sidelink carrier 470 to the multiple devices (e.g., thesecond and third UEs 451, 452). The second UE 451 and/or the third UE452 (e.g., among other UEs) may receive such multicast transmission. Themulticast transmissions may be connectionless or connection-oriented. Amulticast transmission may also be referred to as a groupcasttransmission.

Furthermore, the first UE 450 may transmit a unicast transmission viathe first sidelink carrier 470 to a device, such as the second UE 451.The second UE 451 (e.g., among other UEs) may receive such unicasttransmission. Additionally or alternatively, the second UE 451 mayperform sidelink communication with one or more (e.g., multiple)devices, including the first UE 450 via the second sidelink carrier 480.For example, the second UE 451 may transmit a broadcast transmission viathe second sidelink carrier 480 to multiple devices. The first UE 450(e.g., among other UEs) may receive such broadcast transmission.

In another example, the second UE 451 may transmit a multicasttransmission via the second sidelink carrier 480 to the multiple devices(e.g., the first and third UEs 450, 452). The first UE 450 and/or thethird UE 452 (e.g., among other UEs) may receive such multicasttransmission. Further, the second UE 451 may transmit a unicasttransmission via the second sidelink carrier 480 to a device, such asthe first UE 450. The first UE 450 (e.g., among other UEs) may receivesuch unicast transmission. The third UE 452 may communicate in a similarmanner.

In some aspects, for example, such sidelink communication on a sidelinkcarrier between the first UE 450 and the second UE 451 may occur withouthaving MNOs allocating resources (e.g., one or more portions of aresource block (RB), slot, frequency band, and/or channel associatedwith a sidelink carrier 470, 480) for such communication and/or withoutscheduling such communication. Sidelink communication may includetraffic communication (e.g., data communication, control communication,paging communication, and/or system information communication). Further,sidelink communication may include sidelink feedback communicationassociated with traffic communication (e.g., transmission of feedbackinformation for previously-received traffic communication). Sidelinkcommunication may employ at least one sidelink communication structurehaving at least one feedback symbol. The feedback symbol of the sidelinkcommunication structure may allot for any sidelink feedback informationthat may be communicated in the device-to-device (D2D) communicationsystem 400 between devices (e.g., a first UE 450, a second UE 451,and/or a third UE 452).

As discussed, a UE, such as a transmitter UE, may use sensinginformation provided by other UEs, such as one or more sensing UEs(e.g., partner UEs), to identify communication resources for sidelinkcommunication (e.g., sidelink transmissions). Additionally, oralternatively, the transmitter UE may obtain sensing informationobtained by its own measurements. Thus, in some cases, the transmitterUE may use the sensing information obtained from its own measurements aswell as sensing information provided by other UEs. It may be desirableto combine sensing information to reduce collisions, such as collisionscaused by half duplex and hidden node issues. The transmitter UE refersto a UE that is searching for communication resources to transmit datato a receiver UE via a sidelink transmission. The receiver UE may be thesame or different from a sensing UE.

To reduce network overhead and to improve throughput, it is desirable tospecify the type of sensing information that is shared between UEs.Additionally, it is desirable to identify a UE as a candidate forsharing the sensing information based on the UE satisfying a sharingcondition. Aspects of the present disclosure specify the type ofinformation that is shared as well as identifying UEs that may share theinformation based on the UEs satisfying one or more sharing conditions.

In one configuration, a time window (e.g., millisecond or slots) for afuture time period is configured for a sensing UE. Based ontransmissions scheduled during the time window, the sensing UE may beaware of available and unavailable resources (e.g., channels orsub-channels) in the time window. The time window may be configured viasignaling, such as RRC signaling or a SIB, received from a base stationor a configuration for an out of coverage operation. A connectionfailure with the base station is an example of an out of coverageoperation. In such an example, the sensing UE operates based on one ormore configurations designated for the out of coverage operation. In oneconfiguration, an amount of sensing information shared may correspond toa size of the time window. For example, if a time window is 5 ms, thesensing UE shares information obtained during a 5 ms sensing window.

In some aspects, a subchannel is allocated to a UE for V2Xcommunication. FIG. 5 illustrates an example radio frequency spectrum500 with dedicated portions of radio frequency for V2X communication. Inthe example of FIG. 5 , the spectrum 500 shows a radio frequency rangefrom 5.850 GHz to 5.925 GHz. The spectrum 500 is not limited to 5.850GHz to 5.925 GHz.

From the radio frequency spectrum 500, one or more sections may beallocated for V2X communication. As an example, a 20 MHz section 502from 5.865 GHz to 5.885 GHz, and another 20 MHz section 504 from 5.895GHz to 5.915 GHz may be allocated for V2X communication. Each of the twoallocated radio frequency sections 502 and 504 may be divided intomultiple subchannels. One or more subchannels may be allocated tovehicle UEs. In one example scenario, the allocated radio frequencysections 502 and 504 may be divided into four individual subchannels of5 MHz each, for the V2X communication.

Specific radio frequency sections allocated to V2X communication may bejurisdiction specific. For example, the radio frequency sections 502 and504 are dedicated frequency resources for V2X communication in theUnited States. Different radio frequency resources may be dedicated tothe V2X communication in different jurisdictions.

In one configuration, the sensing information provides per subchannelavailability in a time window, such as the time window described above.The per channel availability may be determined based on a per subchanneloccupancy. As discussed, different UEs may be allocated differentsubchannels. Additionally, a transmission from a UE may be scheduled onone or more subchannels at a future time window. Thus, the UE may beaware of a per subchannel availability for the future time window. Thesensing information may provide resource availability and unavailabilityon a per subchannel basis for the future time window. The future timewindow may be configured via signaling from a base station orpre-configured for an out of coverage operation.

Additionally, or alternatively, sensing information may be shared fromresource pools specifically configured for sharing. For example, a firstresource pool may not be configured for sharing sensing information anda second resource pool may be configured for sharing sensinginformation. In this example, UEs may sense resources from both thefirst pool and the second pool. However, in this example, UEs may onlyshare sensing information from the second pool. The sharingconfiguration may be signaled from a base station or pre-configured foran out-of-coverage operation.

In one configuration, a transmitter UE is configured for unicasttransmissions, such that a sensing UE receives the unicast transmissionsfrom the transmitter UE. In this configuration, the sensing UE satisfiesa sharing condition based on the transmitter UE requesting sensinginformation. Alternatively, the transmitter UE may be configured forconnection oriented multicast transmissions. In this example, UEs in asame group as the transmitter UE may share sensing information inresponse to a request from the transmitter UE.

In another configuration, the transmitter UE is configured forconnectionless multicast transmissions. In this configuration, thesensing information is shared when one or more sharing conditions aresatisfied. In one example, for connectionless multicast transmissions, asharing condition may be satisfied when a sensing UE participates ingroup communication with the transmitter UE. In another example, for theconnectionless multicast transmissions, the sharing condition may besatisfied when a received signal power, such as a reference signalreceived power (RSRP), measured at the sensing UE is greater than areceived signal power threshold. In yet another example, for theconnectionless multicast transmissions, the sharing condition may besatisfied when a distance between a location of a sensing UE and alocation of the transmitter UE is less than a distance threshold. Asensing UE within an indicated distance from the transmitter UE may bereferred to as a sensing UE that satisfies a minimum communicationrequirement.

In one configuration, the transmitter UE is configured for broadcasttransmissions. In such configurations, sensing UEs within a receivedsignal power (e.g., RSRP) range (e.g., greater than a first receivedsignal power threshold and less than a second received signal powerthreshold) may share sensing information with the transmitter UEconfigured for broadcast transmissions.

In one configuration, a base station (e.g., gNB) transmits a message toa sensing UE designating the sensing UE to share sensing information. Inthis configuration, only the sensing UEs receiving the sharingdesignation share sensing information in response to a request receivedfrom a transmitter UE. The base station may designate a sensing UE viaspecific signaling, such as radio resource control (RRC) signaling.

In yet another configuration, specific types of UEs, such as a roadsideunit (RSU), share the sensing information. As discussed, a UE may be avehicle (e.g., UE 450, 451), a mobile device (e.g., UE 452), or anothertype of device. In some cases, a UE may be a special UE, such as aroadside unit (RSU). FIG. 6 illustrates an example of a V2X system 600with an RSU 610, in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.As shown in FIG. 6 , a transmitter UE 604 transmits data to an RSU 610and a receiving UE 602 via sidelink transmissions 612. Additionally oralternatively, the RSU 610 may transmit data to the transmitter UE 604via a sidelink transmission 612. The RSU 610 may forward data receivedfrom the transmitter UE 604 to a cellular network (e.g., gNB) 608 via aUL transmission 614. The gNB 608 may transmit the data received from theRSU 610 to other UEs 606 via a DL transmission 616.

The RSU 610 may be incorporated with traffic infrastructure (e.g.,traffic light, light pole, etc.) For example, as shown in FIG. 6 , theRSU 610 is a traffic signal positioned at a side of a road 620.Additionally, or alternatively, RSUs 610 may be stand-alone units. Inone configuration, the transmitter UE combines sensing informationreceived from a sensing UE with sensing information measured by thetransmitter UE if the sensing UE is a special UE, such as an RSU. Thesensing information may include information indicating whether thesensing UE is a special UE.

As indicated above, FIGS. 4-6 are provided as examples. Other examplesmay differ from what is described with respect to FIGS. 4-6 .

FIG. 7 is a diagram 700 illustrating an example of a hardwareimplementation for an apparatus 702 employing a processing system 714.The processing system 714 may be implemented with a bus architecture,represented generally by a bus 724. The bus 724 may include any numberof interconnecting buses and bridges depending on the specificapplication of the processing system 714 and the overall designconstraints. The bus 724 links together various circuits including oneor more processors and/or hardware components, represented by aprocessor 704, a sensing information component 716, and acomputer-readable medium/memory 706. The bus 724 may also link variousother circuits such as timing sources, peripherals, voltage regulators,and power management circuits, which are well known in the art, andtherefore, will not be described any further.

The processing system 714 may be coupled to a transceiver 710. Thetransceiver 710 is coupled to one or more antennas 720. The transceiver710 provides a means for communicating with various other apparatus overa transmission medium. The transceiver 710 receives a signal from theone or more antennas 720, extracts information from the received signal,and provides the extracted information to the processing system 714. Inaddition, the transceiver 710 receives information from the processingsystem 714 and based on the received information, generates a signal tobe applied to the one or more antennas 720. The transceiver 710 receivessensing information transmitted from one or more partner UEs. Thesensing information may be transmitted via a sidelink transmission.

The processing system 714 includes the processor 704 coupled to thecomputer-readable medium/memory 706. The processor 704 is responsiblefor general processing, including the execution of software stored onthe computer-readable medium/memory 706. The software, when executed bythe processor 704, causes the processing system 714 to perform thevarious functions described supra for any particular apparatus. Thecomputer-readable medium/memory 706 may also be used for storing datathat is manipulated by the processor 704 when executing software.

The processing system 714 further includes at least the sensinginformation component 716. The sensing information component 716, thetransceiver 710, and/or the processor 704 may identify availableresources during a sensing window. The sensing information component716, the transceiver 710, and/or the processor 704 may receive a requestto share resource information with another UE (e.g., transmitter UE).The sensing information component 716 and/or the processor 704 may alsodetermine whether the UE (e.g., apparatus 702) associated with theprocessing system 714 satisfies a sharing condition. The sensinginformation component 716, the transceiver 710, and/or the processor 704may share the available resources with the other UE when the UE (e.g.,apparatus 702) satisfies the sharing condition.

The component may be software, a component running in the processor 704,resident/stored in the computer-readable medium/memory 706, one or morehardware components coupled to the processor 704, or some combinationthereof. The processing system 714 may be a component of the basestation 310 and may include the memory 376 and/or at least one of the TXprocessor 316, the RX processor 370, and the controller/processor 375.Alternatively, the processing system 714 may be the entire base station(e.g., see base station 310 of FIG. 3 ). The processing system 714 maybe a component of the UE 350 and may include the memory 360 and/or atleast one of the TX processor 368, the RX processor 356, and thecontroller/processor 359. Alternatively, the processing system 714 maybe the entire UE (e.g., see UE 350 of FIG. 3 ).

In one configuration, the apparatus 702 for wireless communicationincludes means for identifying available resources during a sensingwindow. The apparatus 702 further includes means for receiving a requestto share resource information with a second UE. The apparatus 702 stillfurther includes means for determining the first UE satisfies a sharingcondition. The apparatus 702 still yet further includes means forsharing the available resources with the second UE when the first UEsatisfies the sharing condition. The aforementioned means may be one ormore of the aforementioned components of the processing system 714configured to perform the functions recited by the aforementioned means.As described supra, the processing system 714 may include the TXprocessor 316, the RX processor 370, and the controller/processor 375.As such, in one configuration, the aforementioned means may be the TXprocessor 316, the RX processor 370, and the controller/processor 375configured to perform the functions recited by the aforementioned means.The aforementioned means may be one or more of the aforementionedcomponents of the processing system 714 configured to perform thefunctions recited by the aforementioned means. As described supra, theprocessing system 714 may include the TX processor 368, the RX processor356, and the controller/processor 359. As such, in one configuration,the aforementioned means may be the TX processor 368, the RX processor356, and the controller/processor 359 configured to perform thefunctions recited by the aforementioned means.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart 800 of a method of wireless communication,performed by a sensing user equipment (UE), according to aspects of thepresent disclosure. In some examples, the sensing UE may be referred toas a partner UE. The sensing UE may be the same as, or different from, aUE receiving sidelink transmissions from the transmitter UE. As shown inFIG. 8 , at block 802, the sensing UE identifies available resourcesduring a sensing window. For example, the sensing UE (e.g., using theantenna 352, RX 354, RX processor 356, TX 354, TX processor 368,controller/processor 359, and/or the like) may identify the availableresources.

At block 804, the sensing UE receives a request to share the availableresources with a transmitter UE. For example, the sensing UE (e.g.,using the antenna 352, RX 354, RX processor 356, controller/processor359, and/or the like) may receive the request to share resourceinformation.

At block 806, the sensing UE determines whether a sharing condition issatisfied with the UE. For example, the sensing UE (e.g., using RXprocessor 356, TX processor 368, controller/processor 359, and/or thelike) may determine whether the sharing condition is satisfied.

At block 808, the sensing UE shares the available resources with thetransmitter UE when the sharing condition is satisfied. For example, thesensing UE (e.g., using the antenna 352, TX 354, TX processor 368,controller/processor 359, and/or the like) may share the availableresources with the transmitter UE when the sharing condition issatisfied.

Implementation details are described in the following numbered clauses:

-   -   1. A method of wireless communication performed by a sensing        user equipment (UE), comprising:        -   identifying available resources during a sensing window;        -   receiving a request to share the available resources with a            transmitter UE;        -   determining the sensing UE satisfies a sharing condition;            and        -   sharing the available resources with the transmitter UE            based on satisfying the sharing condition.    -   2. The method of clause 1, further comprising:        -   receiving a unicast transmission from the transmitter UE;            and        -   determining the sensing UE satisfies the sharing condition            based on the sensing UE receiving the unicast transmission.    -   3. The method of any of clauses 1-2, in which the sensing UE is        one UE of a set of UEs receiving connection oriented multicast        transmissions from the transmitter UE, and the method further        comprises determining the sensing UE satisfies the sharing        condition based on the sensing UE being one UE of the set of        UEs.    -   4. The method any of clauses 1-3, further comprising:        -   receiving a connectionless multicast transmission from the            transmitter UE; and        -   determining the sensing UE satisfies the sharing condition            based on the sensing UE receiving the connectionless            multicast transmission.    -   5. The method of clause 4, further comprising:        -   determining a received signal power is greater than a            received signal power threshold; and        -   determining the sensing UE satisfies the sharing condition            based on the received signal power being greater than the            received signal power threshold.    -   6. The method of clause 4, further comprising:        -   determining a distance between the sensing UE and the            transmitter UE; and        -   determining the sensing UE satisfies the sharing condition            based on the distance being less than a distance threshold.    -   7. The method of any of clauses 1-6, further comprising:        -   receiving a broadcast transmission from the transmitter UE;        -   determining a received signal power is greater than a first            received signal power threshold and less than a second            received signal power threshold; and        -   determining the sensing UE satisfies the sharing condition            based on the sensing UE receiving the broadcast transmission            and the received signal power being greater than the first            received signal power threshold and less than the second            received signal power threshold.    -   8. The method of any of clauses 1-7, further comprising:        -   receiving, from a base station, a message designating the            sensing UE for sharing; and        -   determining the sensing UE satisfies the sharing condition            based on the sharing designation.    -   9. The method of any of clauses 1-8, in which the sensing UE is        identified as a roadside unit (RSU), and the method further        comprising determining the sensing UE satisfies the sharing        condition based on the identification as the RSU.    -   10. The method of any of clauses 1-9, in which a length of the        sensing window is configured via base station signaling.    -   11. The method of any of clauses 1-10, in which a length of the        sensing window is configured for an out-of-coverage operation.    -   12. The method of any of clauses 1-11, in which the available        resources are identified based on a per subchannel availability.    -   13. The method of any of clauses 1-12, further comprising:        -   obtaining the available resources from a resource pool            configured for sharing; and        -   determining the sensing UE satisfies the sharing condition            based on based on obtaining the available resources from the            resource pool configured for sharing.

The foregoing disclosure provides illustration and description, but isnot intended to be exhaustive or to limit the aspects to the preciseform disclosed. Modifications and variations may be made in light of theabove disclosure or may be acquired from practice of the aspects.

As used herein, the term “component” is intended to be broadly construedas hardware, firmware, and/or a combination of hardware and software. Asused herein, a processor is implemented in hardware, firmware, and/or acombination of hardware and software.

Some aspects are described herein in connection with thresholds. As usedherein, satisfying a threshold may, depending on the context, refer to avalue being greater than the threshold, greater than or equal to thethreshold, less than the threshold, less than or equal to the threshold,equal to the threshold, not equal to the threshold, and/or the like.

It will be apparent that systems and/or methods described herein and inAppendix A may be implemented in different forms of hardware, firmware,and/or a combination of hardware and software. The actual specializedcontrol hardware or software code used to implement these systems and/ormethods is not limiting of the aspects. Thus, the operation and behaviorof the systems and/or methods were described herein without reference tospecific software code—it being understood that software and hardwarecan be designed to implement the systems and/or methods based, at leastin part, on the description herein.

Even though particular combinations of features are recited in theclaims and/or disclosed in the specification, these combinations are notintended to limit the disclosure of various aspects. In fact, many ofthese features may be combined in ways not specifically recited in theclaims and/or disclosed in the specification. Although each dependentclaim listed below may directly depend on only one claim, the disclosureof various aspects includes each dependent claim in combination withevery other claim in the claim set. A phrase referring to “at least oneof” a list of items refers to any combination of those items, includingsingle members. As an example, “at least one of: a, b, or c” is intendedto cover a, b, c, a-b, a-c, b-c, and a-b-c, as well as any combinationwith multiples of the same element (e.g., a-a, a-a-a, a-a-b, a-a-c,a-b-b, a-c-c, b-b, b-b-b, b-b-c, c-c, and c-c-c or any other ordering ofa, b, and c).

No element, act, or instruction used herein should be construed ascritical or essential unless explicitly described as such. Also, as usedherein, the articles “a” and “an” are intended to include one or moreitems, and may be used interchangeably with “one or more.” Furthermore,as used herein, the terms “set” and “group” are intended to include oneor more items (e.g., related items, unrelated items, a combination ofrelated and unrelated items, and/or the like), and may be usedinterchangeably with “one or more.” Where only one item is intended, thephrase “only one” or similar language is used. Also, as used herein, theterms “has,” “have,” “having,” and/or the like are intended to beopen-ended terms. Further, the phrase “based on” is intended to mean“based, at least in part, on” unless explicitly stated otherwise.

What is claimed is:
 1. A method of wireless communication performed by asensing user equipment (UE), comprising: identifying available resourcesduring a sensing window; receiving, from a transmitter UE, a request toindicate the available resources to the transmitter UE; determining thesensing UE satisfies a sharing condition for sharing the availableresources identified during the sensing window, the sharing conditionincluding one or more of a type of transmission received from thetransmitter UE, a distance between the sensing UE and the transmitterUE, a received signal power, a UE type of the sensing UE, or a resourcepool associated with the available resources; and transmitting, to thetransmitter UE, a message indicating the available resources identifiedduring the sensing window based on satisfying the sharing condition. 2.The method of claim 1, further comprising: receiving a unicasttransmission from the transmitter UE; and determining the sensing UEsatisfies the sharing condition based on the sensing UE receiving theunicast transmission.
 3. The method of claim 1, in which the sensing UEis one UE of a set of UEs receiving connection oriented multicasttransmissions from the transmitter UE, and the method further comprisesdetermining the sensing UE satisfies the sharing condition based on thesensing UE being one UE of the set of UEs.
 4. The method of claim 1,further comprising: receiving a connectionless multicast transmissionfrom the transmitter UE; and determining the sensing UE satisfies thesharing condition based on the sensing UE receiving the connectionlessmulticast transmission.
 5. The method of claim 4, further comprising:determining the received signal power is greater than a received signalpower threshold; and determining the sensing UE satisfies the sharingcondition based on the received signal power being greater than thereceived signal power threshold.
 6. The method of claim 4, furthercomprising: determining the distance between the sensing UE and thetransmitter UE; and determining the sensing UE satisfies the sharingcondition based on the distance being less than a distance threshold. 7.The method of claim 1, further comprising: receiving a broadcasttransmission from the transmitter UE; determining the received signalpower is greater than a first received signal power threshold and lessthan a second received signal power threshold; and determining thesensing UE satisfies the sharing condition based on the sensing UEreceiving the broadcast transmission and the received signal power beinggreater than the first received signal power threshold and less than thesecond received signal power threshold.
 8. The method of claim 1, inwhich: the sensing condition further includes a base station designatingthe sensing UE for sharing; and the method further comprises: receiving,from the base station, a message designating the sensing UE for sharing;and determining the sensing UE satisfies the sharing condition based onthe base station designating the sensing UE for sharing.
 9. The methodof claim 1, in which the UE type of the sensing UE is identified as aroadside unit (RSU), and the method further comprising determining thesensing UE satisfies the sharing condition based on the identificationas the RSU.
 10. The method of claim 1, in which a length of the sensingwindow is configured via base station signaling.
 11. The method of claim1, in which a length of the sensing window is configured for anout-of-coverage operation.
 12. The method of claim 1, in which theavailable resources are identified based on a per subchannelavailability.
 13. The method of claim 1, in which: the resource poolassociated with the available resources is configured for sharing; andthe method further comprises determining the sensing UE satisfies thesharing condition based on obtaining the available resources from theresource pool configured for sharing.
 14. An apparatus for wirelesscommunications at a sensing user equipment (UE), comprising: at leastone processor; memory coupled with the processor; and instructionsstored in the memory and operable, when executed by the at least oneprocessor, to cause the apparatus: to identify available resourcesduring a sensing window; to receive, from a transmitter UE, a request toindicate the available resources to the transmitter UE; to determine thesensing UE satisfies a sharing condition for sharing the availableresources identified during the sensing window, the sharing conditionincluding one or more of a type of transmission received from thetransmitter UE, a distance between the sensing UE and the transmitterUE, a received signal power, a UE type of the sensing UE, or a resourcepool associated with the available resources; and to transmit, to thetransmitter UE, a message indicating the available resources identifiedduring the sensing window based on satisfying the sharing condition. 15.The apparatus of claim 14, in which the instructions further cause theapparatus: to receive a unicast transmission from the transmitter UE;and to determine the sensing UE satisfies the sharing condition based onthe sensing UE receiving the unicast transmission.
 16. The apparatus ofclaim 14, in which the sensing UE is one UE of a set of UEs receivingconnection oriented multicast transmissions from the transmitter UE, andthe instructions further cause the apparatus to determine the sensing UEsatisfies the sharing condition based on the sensing UE being one UE ofthe set of UEs.
 17. The apparatus of claim 14, in which the instructionsfurther cause the apparatus: to receive a connectionless multicasttransmission from the transmitter UE; and to determine the sensing UEsatisfies the sharing condition based on the sensing UE receiving theconnectionless multicast transmission.
 18. The apparatus of claim 17, inwhich the instructions further cause the apparatus: to determine thereceived signal power is greater than a received signal power threshold;and to determine the sensing UE satisfies the sharing condition based onthe received signal power being greater than the received signal powerthreshold.
 19. The apparatus of claim 17, in which the instructionsfurther cause the apparatus: to determine the distance between thesensing UE and the transmitter UE; and to determine the sensing UEsatisfies the sharing condition based on the distance being less than adistance threshold.
 20. The apparatus of claim 14, in which theinstructions further cause the apparatus: to receive a broadcasttransmission from the transmitter UE; to determine the received signalpower is greater than a first received signal power threshold and lessthan a second received signal power threshold; and to determine thesensing UE satisfies the sharing condition based on the sensing UEreceiving the broadcast transmission and the received signal power beinggreater than the first received signal power threshold and less than thesecond received signal power threshold.
 21. The apparatus of claim 14,in which: the sensing condition further includes a base stationdesignating the sensing UE for sharing; the instructions further causethe apparatus: to receive, from the base station, a message designatingthe sensing UE for sharing; and to determine the sensing UE satisfiesthe sharing condition based on the base station designating the sensingUE for sharing.
 22. The apparatus of claim 14, in which the UE type ofthe sensing UE is identified as a roadside unit (RSU), and theinstructions further cause the apparatus to determine the sensing UEsatisfies the sharing condition based on the identification as the RSU.23. The apparatus of claim 14, in which a length of the sensing windowis configured via base station signaling.
 24. The apparatus of claim 14,in which a length of the sensing window is configured for anout-of-coverage operation.
 25. The apparatus of claim 14, in which theavailable resources are identified based on a per subchannelavailability.
 26. The apparatus of claim 14, in which: the resource poolassociated with the available resources is configured for sharing; andthe instructions further cause the apparatus to determine the sensing UEsatisfies the sharing condition based on obtaining the availableresources from the resource pool configured for sharing.
 27. Anapparatus for wireless communications at a sensing user equipment (UE),comprising: means for identifying available resources during a sensingwindow; means for receiving, from a transmitter UE, a request toindicate the available resources to the transmitter UE; means fordetermining the sensing UE satisfies a sharing condition for sharing theavailable resources identified during the sensing window, the sharingcondition including one or more of a type of transmission received fromthe transmitter UE, a distance between the sensing UE and thetransmitter UE, a received signal power, a UE type of the sensing UE, ora resource pool associated with the available resources; and means fortransmitting, to the transmitter UE, a message indicating the availableresources identified during the sensing window based on satisfying thesharing condition.
 28. A non-transitory computer-readable medium havingprogram code recorded thereon for wireless communications at a sensinguser equipment (UE), the program code executed by a processor andcomprising: program code to identify available resources during asensing window; program code to receive, from a transmitter UE, arequest to indicate the available resources to the transmitter UE;program code to determine the sensing UE satisfies a sharing conditionfor sharing the available resources identified during the sensingwindow, the sharing condition including one or more of a type oftransmission received from the transmitter UE, a distance between thesensing UE and the transmitter UE, a received signal power, a UE type ofthe sensing UE, or a resource pool associated with the availableresources; and program code to transmit, to the transmitter UE, amessage indicating the available resources identified during the sensingwindow based on satisfying the sharing condition.